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Writing: Answer to the Question on Rural Trade

Answer to the Question on Rural Trade, § 10

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§ 10

The rural trade has also in an excellent manner demonstrated its usefulness to the country, even in the case of the metalworking industry, of which I will only provide a single yet remarkable and persuasive example. Despite several commercial ordinances, the Swedish Bergslagen1 enjoyed the freedom for domestic and foreign commercial agents to travel around the county conducting trade in all kinds of products of the country until the year 1699, when the late King Charles XII was persuaded by specious arguments to strictly prohibit this trade, whereby the agents were excluded and the price of iron fell within a few weeks from 31 or 32 daler to 22 daler per skeppund, and yet Bergslagen was unable to sell their iron. That led to such a change in the metalworking industry that the royal boards had to jointly approach the monarch with an earnest representation concerning the inevitable ruin of Bergslagen unless trade was restored there to its former freedom, which was also achieved on that occasion, to the salvation of Bergslagen, and the price of iron rose again to its natural level.

During the Diet of 1723, however, a new demand was presented for the expulsion of the agents from Bergslagen, although that was very strenuously opposed, especially by Assessor Swedenborg, who protested most earnestly against it in a solemn memorial of 13 April 17232 and predicted everything that later in fact happened. But despite that, the agents were excluded, with no opportunity of ever engaging in that enterprise again, and that had the unfortunate consequence that the price of iron immediately began to decline in 1725, and within five years it fell by as much as 10 daler per skeppund and remained at that losing level of between 36 and 40 daler for as long as 20 years, during which period no one would consider any representation about restoring the former liberty, after which they would finally rather accept a palliative than the correct cure in adopting the idea of the Board of Trade Counsellor and Knight Nordencrantz by establishing an Ironmasters’ Association.3


  1. Bergslagen: most often refers to the mining and iron production district in the middle part of Sweden stretching from the county of Värmland in the west to Uppland in the east. Sometimes also synonymous with mining and iron production areas in other parts of Sweden (for example in Småland).
  2. Assessor Swedenborg . . . memorial of 13 April 1723: see Commentary on The Source of Our Country’s Weakness
  3. . . . establishing an Ironmasters’ Association: Nordencrantz was the initiator of the Järnkontoret; see Anders Chydenius’s life and work/The Diet of 1765–6

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