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Writing: Answer to the Question on Rural Trade

Answer to the Question on Rural Trade, § 9

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§ 9

The country gains not only in so far as unnecessary journeys to town are eliminated; there is something here of far greater significance. The quantity of commodities always increases, as far as it is possible, to the extent that commodities are in high demand and command a good price. Among those who live far from the towns they are not sought after and they are therefore produced only in small amounts, so that those country people spend most of their time in idleness, apart from what they are forced to do by extreme necessity. Whoever travels through such areas will see the clearest evidence of that.

But where a rural trader travels from farm to farm, asks for all kinds of goods, pays a reasonable price for them on the spot and places orders for the same or other goods after a certain time, as well as supplying the needs of the country people, there the quantity of goods begins to grow and the population is given increasing employment from year to year.

As evidence of this I would refer to what a rural trader told me some years ago from experience: he said that he had conducted this prohibited trade for several years, travelled around in the most remote areas and annually bought from there and carried to the town 70–80 lispund of butter, from where barely a simple mark had previously been brought to the town; but as he once got into serious difficulties because of that trade and therefore decided not to take such risks with regard to the laws, he declared that no butter had since then arrived from that district in any town.

Another proof of the same thing: no provincial population in Sweden produces more handicrafts relative to its size than the inhabitants of Västergötland.1 But why? Nor does any province possess as much freedom as this one. It is their peddling that has really made that people enterprising, which is nothing but a form of rural trade. And that the town has not lost anything by that is proved by the prosperity of the town of Borås itself, which, though located in a rocky and infertile region, is nevertheless able, due to that freedom, to rank next to Stockholm and Gothenburg, I believe, in payment of taxes to the government.

The parishes of Orivesi and Längelmäki in Häme, with several others around there, have never brought their cultivation of flax, though they have practised it since time immemorial, to such a height as these last 15 years, since the inhabitants of Ostrobothnia have begun to regularly seek out the flax and fetch it themselves, as, due to that, the sowing of flax has increased many times over. But I can solemnly assert that if the Ostrobothnians cease to engage in this rural trade and no other provinces sustain it beyond what they themselves carry to town, the entire linen industry will come to a standstill within a few years and the flax fields will lie as fallow as they did before.


  1. Västergötland is a county in south-west Sweden known for its tradition in textilemaking.

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