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Writing: American Birchbark Boats

American Birchbark Boats, § 4

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§. 4.

But however fragile and perilous these vessels appear to be, they do have exceptional advantages. For in the first place they move more easily and faster in the water than a wooden boat, then they can also carry a larger load than wooden boats of the same size and, what is most significant, they can without effort be carried overland. For that reason they are also so indispensable for the French in Canada that without them they could hardly conduct an eighth of the commerce that they now, merely by means of these boats, extend a full 500 Swedish miles and even more up into the country, so that they would never go without them, even for some barrels of gold1; for as the rivers further inland where the country is uninhabited are in many places blocked with large fallen trees, while in other places there are steep and high rapids and waterfalls, and in yet others one or more miles between two bodies of water; it would therefore be almost impossible to get ahead with our ordinary boats made of planks, especially as it also often happens that on a river barely one mile from a lake one confronts a tremendous waterfall, which one would hardly be able to bypass with boats, although the river above the fall is then often navigable for several miles.

It is probably inevitable that those who are used to ridiculing everything that they have not been accustomed to see since childhood also regard our birchbark boat as more ludicrous than useful; but there is no reason to doubt either its potential or its advantageous use, as it has been described by several writers as the one that really is in use everywhere in North America, and that to incredible advantage. Our Praeses has himself travelled in them in Canada, for more than 40 Swedish miles, and that across lakes of a considerable size. He had four full-grown men with him as rowers, while provisions and other things also equalled five men in weight. When they then came to the end of Lake Champlain and had almost half a Swedish mile overland to Lake George, one of the men lifted the boat onto his head and carried it all that way (without resting more than once along it) at such a speed that the others could not keep up with him.


  1. barrels of gold: A “barrel of gold” was a unit of account, corresponding to 100.000 daler in silver coin.

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